Satire In Huckleberry Finn Essay example - 977 Words

According to Ernest Hemingway, All modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn. Along with Hemingway, many others believe that Huckleberry Finn is a great book, but few take the time to notice the abundant satire that Twain has interwoven throughout the novel. The most notable topic of his irony is society. Mark Twain uses humor and effective writing to make The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn a satire of the American upper-middle class society in the mid-nineteenth century. The first aspect of society Twain ridicules is its attempt at respectability. Huck Finn, a boy referred to as white trash, has grown up totally believing what society has taught him. Society attempts to teach the†¦show more content†¦The Grangerfords were a very nice family, but obsessed with a 30-year old feud with another family, the Sheperdsons. The pretense of virtue that the families present is soon seen. Next Sunday we all went to churchÂ… The men took their guns along, so did Buck, and kept them between their knees or stood them handy against the wall. The Sheperdsons done the same. It was pretty ornery preaching Ââ€" all about brotherly love, and such-like tiresomeness; but everybody said it was a good sermon, and they all talked it over and had such a powerful lot to say about faith and good works and free grace and preforeordestination. (page 109) Although the Grangerfords and Sheperdsons are willing to attend church and learn about brotherly love, they never question the principle of a feud. They are not even sure why they are having a feud, how it started, or who started it. The irony in this is quite evident when both families seem completely comfortable with their quick changes from displays of pious behavior to the continuation of killing of each other. Twain also exposes the deplorable concept of slavery by allowing Huck to view Jim as an equal person. As the novel proceeds, Huck and Jim continue their voyage down the Mississippi River and become close friends. Huck eventually has to decide whether or not to turn Jim in to Miss Watson. Â…And I got to thinking over our trip down the river; and I see Jim before me all the time: in the day andShow MoreRelatedSatire in Huckleberry Finn1820 Words   |  8 PagesChapters 1-4: Superstition In chapters 1-4 of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, Twains characters tend to get worked up over the silliest of superstitions. In the second chapter, when Huck accidentally flicks a spider into a flame, he, â€Å"Was so scared and most shook the clothes off [him]† (Twain 3). He counters the burden that the dead spider will bring by performing plenty of even more odd acts like turning around while crossing his breast and tying up a lock of his hair to wardRead MoreExamples Of Satire In The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn1183 Words   |  5 PagesSatire in â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† It is hard to fathom how such a serious lesson can be taught by using satire. Somehow Mark Twain accomplishes this through his novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The main characters in the novel are a runaway boy named Huckleberry Finn and a runaway slave named Jim. In the story, Huckleberry Finn is mostly referred to as â€Å"Huck.† The story is about Huck, a boy who fakes his own death and runs away from home because of an abusive father. To escapeRead MoreHuckleberry Finn and the use of Satire Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pages Huck Finn and the use of Satire Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been controversial ever since its release in 1884. It has been called everything from the root of modern American literature to a piece of racist trash. Many scholars have argued about Huck Finn being prejudiced. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses satire to mock many different aspects of the modern world. Despite the fact that many critics have accused Mark Twain’s novel of promoting racismRead MoreHuckleberry Finn - Satire to Criticize Society1242 Words   |  5 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Twain himself says, â€Å"Whenever you find yourself on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect.† The side of majority in most cases can refer to the norms of society, in which Twain claims is where you wouldn’t like to be. That is because Twain’s views society as feeble in weak. He sees society at an almost hypocritical view, which can be seen through his great Ame rican classic. In Mark Twain’s novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain satirizesRead More The use of Satire in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay869 Words   |  4 PagesThe use of Satire in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn In his novel the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, published in 1884, Mark Twain uses satire frequently as a medium to display his feelings on a range of issues related to society at that time. Throughout the book he ridicules many aspects of society, including the prevalent views on slaves and religion, and their social structure. Even though the novel was set fifty years before it was published, the themes still held true for contemporaryRead MoreTheme Of Satire In Huckleberry Finn949 Words   |  4 PagesMark Twain uses satire to bring forth the argument of the innocence and the intelligence in children. Satire is showing the use of irony and humor throughout the text, Twain uses that through Huck Finn as a child who has been through several tough experiences, such as his fathers beatings, and moving from place to place not having a home of his own. This brings together the conflicts Huck has faced and his safe places in the world. Mark Twain shows satire during Hucks adventuress, which will seemRead MoreSatire in Mark Twain ´s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn750 Words   |  3 Pageswhat makes someone morally â€Å"good† or morally â€Å"bad,† most people can agree that caring and compassion are good qualities while intolerance and selfishness are bad qualities.   Mark Twain uses satire in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn to amplify the good and bad qualities of people.   Adventures of Huckleberry Finn exposes Twain’s thoughts on human nature by showing undesirable qualities of people in the racist white people and showing preferable qualities in the African-American slave, who is a victimRead MoreSatires of Education in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain891 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck is not educated, but through his adventures he proves himself to be more quick-witted by outsmarting the educated people throughout the novel. Huck was not raised in what you would consider a â€Å"proper home† and as a result of that he has a lack of education. Huck’s pap was the town drunk and for a short period of time, in paps absence, Huck was taken in by Widow Douglas as an attempt to civilize him. The Widow put Huck into school and shortly after his admissionRead MoreThe Use of Satire in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain595 Words   |  2 Pagesendure the same treatment for how they act. In the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain, uses the literary device of satire in order to ridicule the ignorance of Americans in the late 1800s. Twain uses irony during the mishaps of Jim throughout the story to comment the clear fact that people at the time judged others by their race and not by their actions. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Jims personality is a strong influence toward the personality of Huck, withRead MoreEssay on Prejudice and Racism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn833 Words   |  4 PagesPrejudice and Racism in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn      Ã‚   The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, is an excellent example of racism in literature, because it uses language describing African Americans which goes beyond satire.   It treats them as objects and perpetuates stereotypes. It does not expose and deal with racism, as many advocates of its reading claim, but encourages an attitude of superiority that is unnecessary and intolerable. In order to rid

Introduction. I. Did You Know That The Longer You Expose

Introduction I. Did you know that the longer you expose your brain to your smart phone, tablet, or computer the more it begins to think like a brain that is addicted to heroin? II. Dr. Nicholas Kadaras, executive director of the Dunes East Hampton, one of the best rehabilitation centers in the United States and a former clinical professor at Stony Brook Medicine, has found that his patients who are addicted to technology show some of the same personality symptoms as drug addicts. III. Through research on the effects of technology on the human brain, I discovered some of the implications of our exposure to technology. As the aunt of three small children, ages six, three, and two, I noticed differences in their personalities that I hadn’t†¦show more content†¦1. Our brains are constantly developing and with technology developing almost just as rapidly, we should be cautious of the amount of time we spend tuned in to our devices. 2. Technology is the culprit of a new wave of mental disorders that are developed after birth. Dr. Larry D. Rosen is a professor emeritus and is a former chair of the Department of Psychology at California State University in Dominguez Hills, California and is also an internationally acclaimed expert on how technology affects the mind. Dr. Rosen lists that symptoms of an iDisorder are changes in the way our brains process information and our abilities to connect to our environment. C. Lastly, technology has a profound effect on our senses. 1. Dr. O.D. Sikes, professional optometrist and chairman of the North Carolina State Optometric Society Para-Optometric Education Committee, states that twenty-eight percent of people spend ten or more hours a day in front of a digital device and that this amount of exposure can lead to digital eye strain. 2. Technology’s connection to our brains has affected our reflexes. There have been instances where people have found themselves trying to pinch-enlarge people from a distance in real life. (Now since we know how technology affects out impulses, let’s look at how it affects our ability to socialize.) II. Technology has hindered our ability to learn efficiently and communicate properly. A. First, learningShow MoreRelatedSermon At The Word Of Faith Christian Church Delivered By Pastor Julius Stephens973 Words   |  4 PagesOn Tuesday, November 26, I critically listened to a sermon at The Word of Faith Christian Church delivered by Pastor Julius Stephens. It was a regular Tuesday bible study with about eight people. Pastor Stephens s topic for the day was everybody has a purpose. In this paper, I will critique Pastor Stephens s sermon based on its introduction, body, delivery, conclusion and finally my overall reaction to his speech. The reason for the speaker s sermon was to ensure his audience realizes their worthRead MoreGods Omnipotence Essay1645 Words   |  7 Pagesis omnipotent and wholly good, why does evil still exist? In this writing I will discuss the solutions/propositions of John L. Mackie in his work, Evil and Omnipotence. I will do this in order to illustrate the concept of free will for understanding or resolving the problem, and to reveal how and why Mackie arrives at his conclusions. In the beginning of Mackies work he writes a brief introduction to fully expose the problem of evil, and to set guidelines for determining whether or not theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel The Sun Also Rises 1272 Words   |  6 Pageswas consumed by world war I. the war upset many people’s beliefs in traditional values of love, faith and manhood. During the war those who worked in the war suffered great moral and psychological aimlessness. The unsuccessful looking for meaning in the wake of the Great War shapes the novel The Sun Also Rises. Although the characters rarely mention the war directly its effects haunts everything they do and say. Hemingway opens the novel with Gertrude Stein’s words, â€Å"you are the lost generation†Read MoreWhy I Write By George Orwell912 Words   |  4 Pages In George Orwell’s â€Å"Why I Write†, he explains the different motives rhetors have when writing books, essays, poems, etc. He explains where he falls on the spectrum of reasons for writing and how his motives have changed and transformed over the course of his lifetime. In the introduction of Orwell’s essay, he explains that he knew from a very young age that he was meant to be a writer, but that he chose to abandon that idea. In doing so, he felt that he was â€Å"outraging his true nature†. This phraseRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1089 Words   |  5 Pagesrained shells over the Germans’ heads and noxious implementation of mustard gas, Remarque dexterously misleads the reader into believing that he fights in an apathetic war where all remnants of human nature and identity have been destroyed with the introduction of trench warfare. Through Paul Baumer’s eyes, Remarque identifies war as an artificial construct devoid of human identity and any subsequent emotions until the first bombardment, the first glimpse Baumer has of the unfettered abominations of warRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Buried Child by Sam Shepard1506 Words   |  7 Pagesthis is far from the truth. The play begins with Dodge, who is in his seventies, may not have much longer to live. He has an unhealthy cough, which gives the thought that he is extremely ill. In the play, Shepard is pointing out that Dodge is not only sick physically, but also mentally. His vicious cough seems to show the progression of his illness throughout the play. The introduction of Tilden, Dodge’s son, is quite unusual; he enters the house with an armful of corn and drops it in frontRead MoreRace And Racial Profiling And Gender Issues On The Basis Of My Upbringing, Experience, And Social Media1206 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction Spanish was my first language growing up but when I began to speak English my Spanish accent transpired. I was placed in bilingual classes to assist me in pronouncing English words. Recalling on those memories had me wonder if they were my first experience feeling different. It wasn’t until I got to middle school and high school that I became aware of race separation because students grouped culturally and linguistically. I was not well informed of the purpose of the L.A. riots untilRead MoreMedia And Its Impact On Society1280 Words   |  6 PagesIt occurred to me I was approaching the project in the wrong way. The only way to tell the story was as a black comedy, or better, a nightmare comedy, where the things you laugh at most are really the heart of the paradoxical postures that make a nuclear war possible† –Stanley Kubrick (Phillips, 97) Art and media are perhaps some of the best indicators at helping us better understand what political and social events were happening throughout history. We can look to them at pivotal times and gatherRead MoreInformative Speech Essay example1230 Words   |  5 Pagessuch a necessity in schools today, I will share how teen parenthood is being glorified, reasons for such an increase in teenage pregnancies, and how effective distributing contraceptives would be. INTRODUCTION I. Attention getter: (show slide of pregnant girls) How many of you have ever seen television shows like â€Å"16 and Pregnant†, â€Å"Teen Mom†, or â€Å"The Secret Life of an American Teenager†? II. Credibility statement: I am not a teen parent, but I have several friends who are and wentRead MoreSpeech - Technology Vs. Humanity1444 Words   |  6 PagesSpeech – Technology vs. Humanity. Introduction: Did you know that the average person spends at least four years of their life looking down at their cell phone? Kind of ironic don’t you think, how these touch screens can make us lose touch, but its no wonder in a world filled with IMacs, iPads and iPhones, so many I’s and so many selfies, but there is not enough us’ and we’s. You see, technology has made us more selfish and separate then ever, while they claim to connect us, connection has gotten

Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior Free Essays

In the article, â€Å"Why Chinese mothers are Superior, Chua describes her efforts to give her children what she describes as a traditional, strict â€Å"Chinese† upbringing. ] This piece was controversial. Many readers missed the supposed irony and self-deprecating humor in the title and the piece itself and instead believed that Chua was advocating the â€Å"superiority† of a particular, very strict, ethnically defined approach to parenting. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior or any similar topic only for you Order Now In fact Chua has stated that the book was not a â€Å"how-to† manual but a self-mocking memoir. In any case, Chua defines â€Å"Chinese mother† loosely to include parents of other ethnicities who practice traditional, strict child-rearing, while also acknowledging that â€Å"Western parents come in all varieties,† and not all ethnically Chinese parents practice strict child-rearing. Chua also reported that in one study of 48 Chinese immigrant mothers, the vast majority ‘said that they believe their children can be â€Å"the best† students, that â€Å"academic achievement reflects successful parenting,† and that if children did not excel at school then there was â€Å"a problem† and parents â€Å"were not doing their job. ‘ Chua contrasts them with the view she labels â€Å"Western† – that a child’s self-esteem is paramount Amy makes it clear that the Asian kids are not born smart (For the most part, at least) It is hard work and training from the parents that shapes the children into these wonder kids. To prov e her point she lists up a number of things that her daughter were never allowed to do, such as: * Have a play date * Watch television or play computer games * Attend a school play. And so on.. Prohibitions that seems totally unreasonable for us â€Å"westerns†, as she loosely has named us. Throughout the text she covers several perspectives on parenting, which of a few I surprisingly agree on. Most of her viewpoints I deeply disagree with though and is far from my idea about proper parenting. Each time she lists up one of her perspectives, she compares the Chinese perspective with the Western perspective. She does this in a very subjective manner I think. She is very clever rhetorically. At some parts of the text, I actually caught my self being very close to getting dragged towards her side. I found it quite amusing to feel the power of pathos, but at the same time a bit daunting. According to Amy, the main difference between Chinese parents and Western parents is the way they see their children. Western parents believe that respecting their children’s choices, their individuality and always encouraging them to pursue their true passions is the way. In contrast, Chinese parents believe that preparing their children for the future, and.. How to cite Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior, Papers

Business Analyst

Questions: 1.In your own words describe what is a Business Analyst?2.Is the title just a fancy way of describing a Systems Analyst?3.What makes a good Business Analyst? 4.Business events are situations when System or Business processes may be initiated. How does the documentation of analysis, assist in the Development of Activity. Answers: 1.Business analyst is a person whose main objective is guiding business to equip technology in a profitable way through determination of requirement of a particular program or project and broadcast it to facilitators, and partners (Abbott, 2014). Contrary to production of plans, business analyst crops requirements (Abbott, 2014). 2.There is a huge difference between business analyst and a system analyst. System analysts are those who have deep knowledge of technology, which means that they can go to the pinpoint where changes are required in a code whereas business analyst may not have that huge knowledge of code but he/she understands what work is the code supposed to do (Ott Longnecker, 2015). A business analyst understands the language of both IT and the stakeholders. He/she acts as a interface between management and IT (Ott Longnecker, 2015). 3.The business analyst is not for sure a leader on the project still his/her role may be most diverse and at times and most necessary for the success of the project. A good business analyst must be well with technological knowledge, which means that he/she should have a good hold of technology. He/she must pay critical attention to detail, which means that business analyst must have thorough knowledge of the situation (Fleisher Bensoussan, 2015). He/she must be a skilled communicator, which means that he/she must be excellent at communication, as they have to deal with the stakeholders. He/she must be excellent at resolving conflicts. A person having possessing these qualities, can be called an excellent business analyst. 4.Business analysis is a research done in order to identify business needs and to determine solutions of the business problems (Banerjee, Carlin Gelfand, 2014). Preparing a document of the business analysis can be very helpful in further development of activities of the organization. Business analysis indulges requirement analysis or requirement engineering, which deals with determining expectations of the user for a modified or new product (Banerjee, Carlin Gelfand, 2014). It focuses whether the changes made in any part of an organization helps in the development of the organization. Analysis can be of many forms such as architecture analysis, business process analysis, object oriented analysis, structured analysis and data warehouse analysis (Chazaln et al., 2015). Preparing a documentation of analysis can be very helpful on development of the organization in various aspects, as the organization needs to focus on the strategic plans and matters. Documentation of the analysis help s to resolve the strategic, architecture and IT related issues as business analysis consists all of it (Huang et al., 2016). Use case diagram is a list of activities or steps, which typically defines the interaction between a role and a system in order to achieve a goal (Huang et al., 2016). The actor in a use case diagram can be either a human or any external system. Analysis done through use case is efficient and useful as it is the basic characteristics of many projects and it provides framework for many project activities. Figure: Use case diagram Source: created by author Domain class diagram is a static structure which describes the architecture of a system through showing the classes of system, their attribute and the relationship within objects. It is used for data modeling of an organization. It describes the basic element, interactions in the organization and the classes, which needs to be programmed (Sadaf Azam, 2016). These can be easily drawn if proper analysis of data is provided as documentation. The data analysis is the key element in preparation of class diagrams. Figure: Domain class diagram Source: created by author Documentation of data analysis is integral part of development of an organization as it provides all the basic requirements and data needed for the proper management of the organization (Sadaf Azam, 2016). It gives a clear, effective and correct view of the organization which enormously vital for understanding the hierarchy of the organization. Activity diagrams, related to the program flow plans are used in illustration of activities (Shukla, Keast Ceglarek, 2014). An activity diagram illustrates activities individually and here, activity represents a business process and action represents an individual step within an activity (Czopik et al., 2014). They are used for describing the business process, which describes the way that the business functions. In an activity diagram, it is made clear whether the actors are able to perform business use cases independently or together. Development of these diagrams can be done in various degrees and these can be refined systematically (Shukla, Keast Ceglarek, 2014). References: Abbott, D. (2014).Applied predictive analytics: Principles and techniques for the professional data analyst. John Wiley Sons. Ott, R. L., Longnecker, M. T. (2015).An introduction to statistical methods and data analysis. Nelson Education. Banerjee, S., Carlin, B. P., Gelfand, A. E. (2014).Hierarchical modeling and analysis for spatial data. Crc Press. Chazal, F., Glisse, M., Labrure, C., Michel, B. (2015). Convergence rates for persistence diagram estimation in topological data analysis.Journal of Machine Learning Research,16, 3603-3635. Huang, L., Duan, Y., Gao, H., Li, H., Li, C., Lin, Z. (2016). Checking Relationship Consistency and Class Redundancy in a Class Diagram under Model-Driven Engineering.International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology,9(10), 185-200. Sadaf, S., Athar, A., Azam, F. (2016, July). Evaluation of FED-CASE-A Tool to Convert Class Diagram into Structural Coding. InComputer, Consumer and Control (IS3C), 2016 International Symposium on(pp. 184-187). IEEE. Shukla, N., Keast, J. E., Ceglarek, D. (2014). Improved workflow modelling using role activity diagram-based modelling with application to a radiology service case study.Computer methods and programs in biomedicine,116(3), 274-298. Czopik, J., Koinr, M. A., tolfa, J., tolfa, S. (2014). Formalization of software process using intuitive mapping of UML activity diagram to CPN. InProceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Innovations in Bio-Inspired Computing and Applications IBICA 2014(pp. 365-374). Springer International Publ

Studio Based non-Fiction Television Production Essay Example

Studio Based non-Fiction Television Production Essay Although the production could not happen if one member of the crew were missing, the role of the PA is pivotal. The PAs job is to ensure that the programme runs to the correct time and therefore has to be aware of the exact timing of every piece within that broadcast. The PA must know the exact time of every video feed and the point at which it has to start. This enables a ten second count to be given for the video to have enough time to get up to speed and start at the correct time. The second important aspect concerning the PA and the video feeds is to know the count to the end of the piece. This is essential information for the floor manager to pass onto the presenters and auto-cue operator, this enables the next piece to start as soon as the video feed has finished because all relevant parties know in advance exactly when that point will be. We will write a custom essay sample on Studio Based non-Fiction Television Production specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Studio Based non-Fiction Television Production specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Studio Based non-Fiction Television Production specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another task of the PA is to keep track of the times of any live events such as interviews and to make sure that they fill the required time without over-running. Again this information is fed to the floor manager (or directly to the presenters if they have ear pieces.) The outcome of all this meticulous time keeping is that the PA should know exactly how much time the remaining pieces have to fill. This way the PA will know if there is going to be any dead time in the programme that would need to be filled. Again the communication process runs through the floor manager to the presenters to pad things out. The result is that many news broadcasts; especially local ones have a few seconds of banter towards the end. This may be discussion of the news items, however, its only reason for inclusion is to make sure that the programme runs to the right time. The alternative scenario would include a smaller item being cut completely or a long piece having some peripheral information left out to ensure that the production does not run over. The essential nature of the PAs role is highlighted in a live new broadcast. Major news events (such as those of September 11th) take precedence over the news items that are planned (or indeed scheduled programmes.) In this scenario the PA must think on their feet to ensure that they know the exact duration of any additional material and decide what is going to be the most appropriate material to cut to keep the programme within its allocated slot. With this brief to follow, the PAs tools are a series of stopwatches and a heavily annotated running order. The stopwatches keep track of the overall programme length and each piece on separate clocks. The PAs running order is concerned with the times of each piece, to ascertain these the PA must liaise with the presenters to find out how long it takes them to read each part of the script. The PA can then ascertain at what time and which section of script corresponds to the cue for the VT operator. Evaluating our own production. Several problems were faced during the making of our programme. Firstly the inexperience of the people involved which the module aimed to rectify. Secondly we were not equipped with earpieces for the presenters. This meant that any communication from the gallery to the presenters had to be channelled through the floor manager, this lead to some confusion as well as the presenters focussing on the floor managers non-verbal signalling rather than looking straight to camera. Thirdly, there was only one out of three cameras equipped with auto-cue. In order that the presenters eye-line was straight out to the audience, the one auto-cue camera ended up being pivotal. There was a stretch of four stories which had to be delivered by one presenter straight to the same camera as there was no way of feeding the script from another angle. Finally, the position of the monitors within their housing in the gallery was such that it was very difficult for the VT operator to see the clocks on the tape before each VT piece. This problem was solved by the producer giving instructions to the VT operator as to the state of the clock. This solution took more time and meant that is was sometimes quite a close call as to whether the VT was ready in time to be played. This situation also meant more noise in the gallery, which must have been detrimental to the concentration of the other members of the team in there. A human caused shortcoming of our broadcast was that it ran thirty seconds under the required time. This was caused by a combination of events. We were given a newsflash to insert with no warning at all. This meant that the timings for the rest of the programme were out. It was decided to cut the interview that was to take place later by thirty seconds to make way for the newsflash. Unfortunately, the presenter cut the interview by almost a minute, this situation was difficult for the PA to convey to the presenter because of the afore mentioned lack of earpieces. At the end of the programme when it was realised how long had to be filled, the request was sent to the presenters to pad the end of the programme out, however, this banter failed to materialise, this lead the cue for the VT to start being late which resulted in a ten second shot of the presenters looking to camera without saying anything and the programme ending early. A further fault with the production was the lighting. The lighting operator had been absent for a number of weeks, which meant that the soundman was filling in with rudimentary control of the lights. However, the arrangement of them was left as it had been found, this resulted in some of the shots having rather more shadow than would have been preferred. As well as having control of the lights our soundman did a wonderful job, there were no instances where the microphones were left on longer than they should have, and they were always turned on in time for the presenters voice to be heard. During the VTs the sound was perfect, and the transition from read over to using the sound on tape during one of the sports VTs went smoothly. The section of the programme that couldnt be scripted the interview also went ok. The presenter had a library of questions to refer to so was never stuck for something to say. The vision mixing in this part of the production was also done without being set out before hand. We used two cameras, one for each participant and cut between them as the speech swung from one conversant to the other. Bearing this fact in mind, that particular piece of the broadcast went perfectly well. My own contribution. I was involved in the writing of one of the pieces (the Smoking Kids item) and was a member of the team that filmed the NTL story and part of the Drugs story. I was also involved in editing these pieces. Being the VT operator meant that I was responsible for all the videotapes which were needed. Several problems were faced with one of the tapes (the control track had corroded apparently) this involved some frantic editing to get all the pieces available for the broadcast. As a consequence of these technical problems we had to do several rehearsals without some of the VTs being properly ready. My role meant that I had to work quite closely with the PA, I collected the exact times of each of the VTs and was able to supply the ten second count down at the end of each piece, this spread the PAs load making the production run smoother. As well as having the standard running order and script, I produced myself a VT running order, which had all the VTs in the order that they appeared, complete with their running time including the ten second clock and a note giving the exact time the ten second end call was needed. For my job to run smoothly it was essential that I was organised. Each tape was correctly labelled and the three tapes I was using were set out in order to make changing them easier. As previously mentioned my personalised running order was also present, this had notes on it regarding the best time to change the tapes and when I had enough time to fast forward the tape with the titles on. To make sure that each video piece was ready in time, I had to make sure that as soon as one piece had finished I got the tape ready for the next piece as quickly as possible as there was only twenty seconds between two of the VTs, this meant that I had ten seconds to wind the video on before I had to set it running again so that it would appear at the right time. Again working closely with the PA meant that I had in depth knowledge of all the times that concerned me. As I was the only member of the team with a detailed knowledge of each tape and its relation to the overall programme I also had to work with the vision mixer and sound operator ensuring that they knew the right places to cut to the video and the sound respectively. It was also essential that the sound operator knew which video pieces were intended to be read overs so that the presenters mikes were kept up. Another point at which teamwork was essential was for one of the sports pieces were the first half of the video clip was read over and the second used the sound on tape. Several run throughs were needed in order to get the sound levels and the video start points right. At the beginning of each session I also had to work with the sound operator so that a check could made that the sound on tape came through ok. A further problem was the NTL VT, there was a section of the piece which was filmed in a noisy environment, the sound operator needed prior warning of this to ensure that the sound was mixed live to reduce the difference in levels within the piece. Taken as a whole, I feel that the team worked well together to produce the piece. Each person was aware of their job and how it related to everyone elses position within the team. This enabled us to get the programme running smoothly and for us to be able to cope with the unexpected when it happened.

untitled essays

untitled essays Hello. My name is Emily Jackson. I am a 14 year old freshman at Louisville Male High School. I am interested in many sports including softball and basketball, but enough about me. I want to talk about you. Many people may ask why I admire a peer. Well, its simple. In fact a ccertain song comes to mind when I think about you: I wanna be like you... Anyway I admire you mostly because youre exactly the person everyone wants to be. A two- letter sports all-star (volleyball and basketball). Youre confident in everything you do. The way you walk, the way you talk, everything! You make good grades, not that I dont, mind you. You also have lots of friends both on the court and off. You are a great friend and a great tutor (I will go on to explain that later). Remember that time when you tried to teach me to play volleyball? It didnt work out, obviously, but I admired the way you never gave up and never lost your temper when I messed up. You might even have a shot at being a teacher if you get a real student, that is. You always go through with the things you plan. You are always committed to your responsiblities at home and at school. Thats why I admire you. I just wanted to thank you so much for what youve done for me and for many other. You helped me become more confident in certain situations and even helped me understand geometry, believe it or not. I just wanted to let you know that I appreciate and respect how youve changed me. Its made me a better person in the world. Again, thank you so much and good luck in the future. ...

Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Geology - Essay Example It is in these mountains that the described rock was found (‘Washington Geologic Newsletter’ 56) According to further research, there is evidence suggesting that uplifting of the Cascade Mountains that occurred in the Columbian river, which is denoted as the ancestral Columbia river exhibited a coincidence that saw the formation of a canyon through cutting. In the years that followed, fluid deposition and intracanyon flows accounted for the existence of basalt in the river channel. Such basalt is the basic material that formed the volcanic rocks similar to the type presented in the image. The latest event in the Columbia River basalt was the deposition of the saddle mountain basalt. Saddle Mountains have been described as containing high silica content, and of noticeably thin nature compared to other basalts of the Columbian river (70). The nature of appearance is the result if extensive compression as well as that of the ensuing extensional events that followed as the deposited basalt

FASB Codification System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

FASB Codification System - Essay Example professionals along with investors and analysts a professional view where many state of the art utilities offers wide feature, search facility and navigating contents. It gives information on the accounting standards, cross referencing and navigating. Also there is printer friendly source utility for viewing source references. So basically it allows the professionals to keep update on accounting standards, information, and location of member, conduct research and locate professional around the network. 3. The nine contents areas located in the FASB codification system are General principles, presentations, assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, expenses, broad transactions and industry. Thus the codification system is an organized structure with comprehensive topics. These subdivided nine topics have sections and paragraphs. 4. The nine contents have types of items and general principles detail on all the accounting principles and laws to simplify users access. The presentation offers guidance on the preparation of income and financial statement purpose and calculating earnings per share. The asset content has information on investments, accounting receivables and inventory. Liability section has assets retirement and environment obligations, contingencies, distinguishing liabilities from equity and accounting principles. The equity section explains status, recognition and SEC material required to record equity based payment to non – employees. The revenue area informs accounting professional about revenue recognition and accounting standard updates. Expenses guides on procedures to report stock compensation, compensation research and development with regard to preparing income taxes. The broad transaction gives information on business combination, consolidation, fair value measurement and disclo sure, leases and financial instruments. Finally, the industry section gives user in regard to industries including oil and gas, dealers, brokers and

How to raise self-esteem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to raise self-esteem - Essay Example Theories have viewed self esteem as a basic human need or motivation (Maslow, 1987). This paper will discuss how people may raise their self esteem, with an emphasis on single, homeless mothers. Experiences in people’s lives are key factors of self esteem development. The negative or positive life experiences people have create attitudes toward the self which may be favorable, developing positive self worth feelings. They may also be unfavorable, developing negative self worth feelings. Single mothers go through emotional experiences like feelings of isolation and loneliness (Jordan, Spencer, & Zanna, 2003). The frustrations accompanied by being a single mother may lead to harmful levels of anxiety and stress, which can also affect the children. Dwelling on events that led to single motherhood and blaming oneself makes the process of gaining self esteem and moving on difficult. To assist single mothers improve their self esteem, and, therefore, reduce stress in their lives, they need encouragement to change how they view themselves. Practicing tolerance on themselves is a key point, which starts by accepting their strengths and weaknesses as part and parcel of them ( Jordan, Spencer, & Zanna, 2003). They should then employ the use of power of positive thinking while focusing on successful parts of their lives, which could be a devoted family or the influence they have once had in their community. Another step towards building high self esteem is learning to accept positive and constructive criticism (Branden, 2001). Criticism need not be seen as diminishing, rather as an eye opener to what individuals can improve in themselves. Single mothers should take the initiative to invite and accept criticism and use it to change and improve their overall image (Jordan, Spencer, & Zanna, 2003). Those with low esteem must learn to set challenges and goals for themselves and be optimistic about achieving them. Failure

Anti Oppressive Theory And Practice Social Work Essay

Anti Oppressive Theory And Practice Social Work Essay Anti-oppressive theory and practice in social work seeks first to recognise oppression  in communities, societies, and cultures, and thereafter to eliminate the pressure and undo the sway of such oppression. Anti-oppressive practice is by and large understood to be an omnibus term that includes, but is not limited to, diverse practice approaches like feminist, anti-racist, critical, radical, and structural frameworks. Anti-oppressive social work stands as such for a variety of theories and practices that adopt the perspective of social justice. It should thus more appropriately be considered to be a perspective or stance toward practice rather than a practice approach. Dominelli (1998) perceives anti-oppressive social work to be a type of social work practice that searches for social barriers and structural inequalities in activities that are conducted with service users or workers. Anti-oppressive practice tries to offer more suitable, responsive and perceptive services by reacting to the needs of individuals without considering their social status. Dominelli (1998) feels that it represents a person oriented philosophy and an egalitarian system of values that is concerned with lessening the venomous results of structural inequalities upon the lives of people. It is a methodology that focuses both on processes and on outcomes and is an approach of structuring relationships between persons that strives to empower users by lessening the adverse results of hierarchy during their interaction with each other and the activities they do together. Social workers need to reinforce their abilities and attitudes for the conduct of anti-oppressive practice in many ways. Dalrymple and Burke (1995) state that social workers should obtain knowledge and understanding of their own selves, the majority social systems, different groups and cultures, and of fundamental human rights in order to effectively face issues on personal and structural levels and pursue anti-oppressive practices. This short study takes up the need of social workers to become aware of and familiar with human rights and various cultural issues, especially those relevant to their service users, in order to engage in effective anti-oppressive practice. Special emphasis is given in the study to domestic violence against women of ethnic and immigrant communities in Ireland, many of whom face physical and mental abuse in their households, even as they otherwise suffer from the discriminatory attitudes and behaviour of people of mainstream and dominant communities. Readying Social Workers for Anti-oppressive Practice Oppression is essentially entrenched in society for the maintaining of its unequal status quo. Contemporary social workers are experiencing the unique development of an anti-oppression approach that is gradually replacing long-established social work models of individual rehabilitation and self fulfilment. The verbalisation and mounting sophistication of the anti- oppression approach has been and continues to be considerably influenced by ethnic, feminist, gay and lesbian, disability, and other social movements. The need to challenge inequality is an important driver of anti-oppressive practice, even as it is important to recognise that all challenges may not be successful and furthermore be distressful for the person or group who are challenging and those who are being challenged. Anti-oppressive practice plainly draws from a social model of difference. It builds on social constructionist models of differences, racial, ethnic, gendered, and others, which are created within the conte xt of unequal social power relationships. It thus strongly argues for the development of practice that confronts, challenges, and alters unequal structures at all levels. An important dimension of challenging inequality concerns the building of self-awareness and understanding of how the social location of the social worker influences the communication between the worker and the individuals or groups who are being challenged. The practice of reflecting and thinking is intrinsic to the anti-oppressive way. Dominelli (2002, p 9) argues that knowledge of oneself helps in equipping individuals for undertaking anti-oppressive tasks. Self-knowledge, for Dominelli, is central to the range of skills required of a reflective practitioner. Social workers, to be successful in anti-oppressive practice, should be able to critically reflect on their own selves in practice and on the ways in which their biographies influence their practice relationships. The ability to critically assess the experiences of oppression of service users requires them to examine the ways in which personal, cultural and structural issues and processes fashion the difficulties that service users bring up with service agencies. An understanding of human rights and various cultural issues, experts feel, can also help them significantly in knowing their own selves, realising the impact as well as the reasons for continuance of oppression in modern day society, and in addressing such issues. Human Rights and Cultural Issues Anti-oppressive practice, with its focus on reduction of all forms of social inequality, is closely associated with the bringing about of social justice. Much of modern day oppressive activity goes against the tenets of social justice and concerns the undermining, denying or taking away of fundamental human rights of individuals or groups of people. Human rights constitute the fundamentals on which modern day society has developed in the post Second World War era. Whilst human rights have progressively developed over centuries, widespread awareness about them grew only after the 1940s in the aftermath of the holocaust atrocities and the demise of colonialism. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 by the United Nations was a step taken by the global fraternity to ensure that human rights would not be compromised in future by the actions of people, groups or states. Such rights include the right to life and property, the right of expression, the right to security from discrimination and the right to protection from physical and mental harm. Oppression nevertheless continues to occur in societies across the world, and often with the tacit of overt support of various governments that signed the UN declaration and thereafter legislated to protect human rights in their own countries. Whilst oppression and empowerment in social work practice do relate to bringing about of social justice, they do not specify minimal and fundamental requirements for human existence. This compels social workers to view individuals who have to arrange for themselves when they are denied human rights by dominant powers. Social workers who are familiar with human rights can however readily and effectively apply human rights perspectives to spot violations. They can view situations of oppression and discrimination as circumstances in which various infrastructural and legal resources can be applied for effective elimination of oppression or negation of its impact. The awareness of human rights and adoption of human rights perspectives can help social workers to frame circumstances concerning oppression into those of violations of rights, thereby making governments and citizens accountable for addressing and resolving such violations. Domestic violence, discrimination and inadequate education thus become instances of violation rather than of inadequate satisfaction of needs. Social workers with human rights perspectives can apply greater force to the challenging of unfair resource distribution, inequality and oppression. Awareness about the culture of service users and the differences that exist between the cultures of social workers and different service users can also help social workers on understanding different ways of oppression, especially so in groups like immigrants or ethnic minorities, whose cultures are vastly different from members of the dominant groups. Culture represents the integrated and distinct patterns of behaviours, including thoughts, values, beliefs, customs and actions of racial, religious, ethnic, or social groups. It is considered to be the totality of ways that is passed through generations and includes ways in which individuals with disabilities or persons from different religious or ethnic backgrounds experience their environments. With the main mission of social workers being the enhancement of well-being and helping to satisfy fundamental human needs of persons who are poor, vulnerable, and oppressed, they can improve their practice effectiveness significantly by understanding and becoming sensitive to cultural diversity and uniqueness. The acquisition of such knowledge can help social workers in understanding the essence of social diversity and oppression with regard to race, ethnic background, national origin, age, sex, sexual orientation and physical or mental disability. Such knowledge and understanding can help in the achievement of cultural competence and enable them to integrate and transform their knowledge of persons and groups of people into specific attitudes and practices. Whilst the development of cultural competency is important for social workers, the diverse backgrounds of service users, especially in urban locations, make this process difficult and challenging. Oppression and Domestic Violence against Women Domestic violence against women results directly from the inequalities between men and women. It denies women their very basic human rights, i.e. the right to health and undermines the development of communities and societies. General factors like marginalisation and poverty and specific aspects like race or ethnicity, result in some women becoming more vulnerable to domestic violence. Whilst men also face domestic violence, the lower social status of women, especially in certain communities and cultures exposes them to greater risk, even as the number of incidences of domestic violence against women appears to increase at an alarming pace. Domestic Violence refers to the use of physical or emotional force or threat of physical force, including sexual violence; in close adult relationshipsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.The term domestic violence goes beyond actual physical violence. It can also involve emotional abuse; the destruction of property; isolation from friends, family and other sources of support; threats to others including children; stalking; and control over access to money, personal items, food, transportation and the telephone. Such violence causes extensive physical, emotional and mental damage to women. It prevents them from participating in society, limits their access to resources and their ability to take part in activities like work, travel and education. Apart from such adverse consequences, domestic violence against women damages the physical, emotional and mental development of children, hurts their performance in school and affects their life chances. Domestic violence also results in economic costs for the individual and for society that arise from missed work, health care costs and costs of social work assessment and intervention for women and other affected family members. Domestic violence against women is a serious problem in Ireland. A 2002 report on Sexual Abuse and Violence revealed that one woman in four in Ireland had faced some sort of sexual abuse during her lifetime and one in five had suffered sexual assault as an adult. Ireland witnessed 109 murders of women between 1996 and 2005, 72 of which occurred in their homes. All the murders were perpetrated men and 50 % of these by partners or ex-partners. Ireland has been experiencing rapid inward migration since the 1990s, a phenomenon that has made one of the most homogenous societies in the EU culturally and ethnically diverse. Whilst domestic violence occurs across race, religion and class, migrant women experiencing violence at home face additional structural barriers on account of immigration status, lack of familiarity with language and racism, which significantly hamper their options for protection and support. A 2008 study by Paula Fagan reveals that migrant women experiencing violence at home face four important barriers, namely (a) immigration legislation, (b) restrictions on usage of public funds, (c) racism from larger society and ostracism from own communities on re[ort of abuse, and (d) cultural differences with, and lack of understanding from, mainstream society, which increase their distress and vulnerability, reduce their options with regard to social security, exacerbate their fear of isolation and create barriers their seeking of assistance and protection. Fagans report reveals that the discretionary character of the countrys immigration system presents unique challenges both for women and social workers in establishing rights, entitlements and protections for migrant women experiencing abuse. With no protections yet in place for women whose status are dependent on their husbands/partners or for those restricted from social welfare payments, options for keeping women safe are severely restricted. A key finding of this report is that, while there needs to be improvements in Irelands domestic violence legislative and policy framework for all women, there are specific failures in this system for migrant women linked to immigration legislation, policy and procedures.

Atmosphere in Shelleys Frankenstein :: essays research papers

Throughout the novel, Shelley uses a very gothic and gloomy atmosphere partly because she is reflecting her personal life into the novel and also to emphasis on the horror that come when men try to play God. â€Å"As I still pursued my journey to the northward, the snows thickened and the cold increased in a degree almost too severe to support.† (203, Shelley) In the quote, Victor tracks down the monster in the Arctic, Shelley uses such desolate locations to show the isolation of both Victor and the monster. Other desolate places such as the places described by Victor, (locations throughout Europe) were also used. Shelley uses the gothic genre to show the dark side of human nature. Victor became so carried away with his with his experiments that he did not consider that it would be evil to try to play God. â€Å"I had deprived myself of rest and health† (51, Shelley). It can be seen here that Victor what very involved In his studies of the reanimation of life, he does not think of the moral issues that might arise from his experiments. It is Victor that controls the technology and knowledge of life, but he insists on creating the monster. Shelley uses public prejudice showing the evil that society creates through the ever changing personality of the monster. â€Å"Who can describe their horror and consternation on beholding me?† (132, Shelley) The reaction of the De Lancy family towards the monster shows the horridness of the monster’s appearance, even though the monster was once described as â€Å"good spirits†, the De Lancys now detest him. In gothic novels, ideas about the supernatural and the mysterious are often mentioned, â€Å"the characters seen to bridge the mortal world and supernatural world.† (74, Coghill), Victor seems to have a mental bond with his creation, the monster seems to know the whereabouts of Victor wherever he goes. Shelley uses allusions from Rime of the Ancient Mariner to show man’s journey for knowledge through Walton’s expedition. This also links to Victor as he is somewhat similar to the Ancient Mariner, they both seek knowledge though the results of their acquired knowledge is different. The Mariner seeks spiritual knowledge while Victor searches for the secrets of life, Victor is cursed by his acquired knowledge unlike the Mariner who was freed by it. Through the Marina’s curse of killing the albatross, he learns to love all that God creates, Victor does not love what he has created causing the monster to want to kill his creator.

Warehouse Management System

In a WMS, we aim to observe the maximized profits with a minimized cost with certain computerized procedures to enable a seamless process of warehouse operation. With the above consideration, we come up with 4 main special features that are essential to be equipped in the WMS. First of all, we need to have barcode labeling for all the stocks in the warehouse in order to identify each product, keep record in the system and find them out easily.It is necessary for us to have detailed information of every stock in the warehouse by simply identifying the barcode labels with wireless inventory scanner, which could save time, reduce paper work and greatly increase the productivity and accuracy when handling stocks. Barcode labeling is fundamental for WMS as we need to keep tracking the stocks throughout the whole warehouse operation process. Secondly, we think that efficiency is also an undeniable element in WMS, which we consider auto-conveyer as one of our choice of special features to e nhance the efficiency.Auto-conveyor could reduce the need of man power and it is much speedy than the manually controlled way when moving stocks as it could quickly retrieve wanted items. Auto conveyor could also handle some simple sorting and identification work, which greatly reduce the need of manpower. Thirdly, virtual warehouse would be our core feature in the WMS, it acts as an important role in both order management and put away and packing. It provides a comprehensive physical view of the warehouse. With a virtual warehouse, we could have a clear idea of the operating warehouse through the browser.It could facilitate the decision making in the WMS as we could control a lot of process with a virtual warehouse. Indeed, a virtual warehouse is a system that involved a lot of components, but we are now focusing on the order management and the put away and picking management. With WMS, orders could be generated easily on the internet as the information of customers, suppliers and the stocks are kept in the system. It is convenient to add items, notes and select the customer or supplier for your purchase or sales order.This may improve the efficiency and is environmentally friendly when compared with the paper file. It is much less time-consuming to find out the order and customer information. For the put away management, the WMS could utilize the optimum locations for the stocks received in the warehouse automatically. Also in the picking management, the WMS could decide the best location for picking. With this system, we do not have to waste time on finding storage location, while having a greater control in the allocation of resources and facilitates time management.In fact, the virtual warehouse could not work alone, while barcode labeling and auto-conveyor assisted the virtual warehouse a lot in the stance of automation and computerization. They three are interrelated and the virtual warehouse is in the leading position among them, which means it is impo rtant in connecting different parts of a warehouse and make the WMS works. Although the above 3 special features has provide us convenience, efficiency and accuracy, we could not fully rely on a computerized system but to have a feature that could reduce our mistakes to the minimum, ideally, zero mistake.Thus the last feature we include in our WMS is cycle counting. Cycle counting reduces the need for the time-consuming and costly process of shutting down the manufacturing process in order to count inventory, which the inventory auditing procedure is carried out according to a continuous schedule. The result would be a more accurate calculation of stocks in the warehouse. To conclude, we think these four features are able to make a WMS that could control material movement efficiently and most possibly making the maximum profit.

a Critique of D Day June 6, 1944 essays

a Critique of D' Day June 6, 1944 essays A Critique of 'D-Day June 6,1944: The Climatic battle of WWII' The book D-Day June 6, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War II was written by Stephen E. Ambrose, and published by Simon & Schuester in New York. This book begins with a prologue that is followed by 32 chapters, a glossary, endnotes, a bibliography, an appendix, and an index. The first ten chapters give the events that lead up to D-Day, it discusses a variety of topics ranging from, general topics like the attackers and the defenders, to topics like what kind of weather conditions would be necessary for the invasion. Chapters 11 through 14 discuss the air invasion that occurred shortly after midnight, and the air and naval bombardment of the beaches prior to the infantry landing on the Normandy shore. Chapters 15 through 25 cover the landings on the beaches and the struggles of the American forces to get up the bluffs and inland. Chapter 26 titled "The World Holds Its Breath", is exactly what it says, it gives a view of the home front during the invasion. Chapters 27 through 31 talk about other allied landings on the beaches. Chapter 32 ends the book by giving a summary of the accomplishments of D-Day, and giving the general feelings toward the success of the invasion after the first day of fighting. This book was written to provide everyone with an up close and personal view of WWII.The first two chapters on the book are titled " The Attackers" and "The Defenders". In these two chapters the author talks about the warring nations. The Germans who originally used blitzkrieg style warfare to remove the allied powers from Europe, by 1944 had dug in, and was now a complete opposite of what they once were. This would have probably worked just fine had the Nazis not conquered more territory than they could defend. Hitler knew that an invasion was immanent and that if he could send the allies back into the channel with great loses it would take months to organize another a...

Analyzing Wal-Mart competition - Smart Custom Writing Samples

Analyzing Wal-Mart competition - Smart Custom Writing Group councelingGroup counceling is usually held in small groups of 7-10 people. Included in this group of people, sharing their thoughts, feelings and behavior problems, they provide a topic for discussion. It is assumed that each team member is involved in the process by responding to other members through feedback, support, and providing solutions to problems. The leader, or team leader, usually has special training in methods of group counceling and strives to create an atmosphere of trust, openness, responsibility and interdependence. Facilitator demonstrates the typical behavior patterns and guide the process of understanding, caring about others, and resolve conflicts. Differences between group counceling and group psycho therapy are mainly related mainly to the group, the expected depths of personal changes of its members and the nature of the preparation of its head. Methods and procedures used in the group counceling and groups therapy are very similar. In fact, members of the advisory group may be people of any origin, and any profession, usually falling in the normal range of adaptability and ability to cope with life situations. They join the group to achieve a deeper understanding of themselves as individuals and develop their individual potency. Members of the therapeutic group bring to the discussion of more serious personal problems and may have neurotic symptoms or neurotic to be chronic with limited ability to cope with life's problems. Normally, more intensive individual work is needed for them in order to change the basic structures of the individual. The leaders of consulting and treatment groups should have special training in leadership groups. Consultants tend to focus on issues of normal development throughout life. In preparation psychotherapists, usually, more time is devoted to mastering the methods of working with abnormal populations and to study psychopathology. Groups are natural phenomena in human history. Organized groups were preceded by various religious movements, drama and miracle. Some historians refer to the work of Mesmer as the predecessor of group treatment. There are many people who recognize the work of John G. Pratt and its essential connection with "class method" which was the beginning of scientific group treatment in the United States. Physician Pratt used the method of training policy, telling patients with tuberculosis, which he had treated about hygiene. His ideas were based on the need to raise the morality of patients, habituating them to maintain cleanliness. His method was more like what we call the "leadership". Soon, it became clear that his patients benefit more removed from the supportive atmosphere of the group than from the reported information in the classroom. In Europe, group methods have started to apply Alfred Adler and Jacob Levy Moreno. Adler advised the children in the presence of the group, the reason was to train other professionals to individual counseling. And again, it was noted that a group or audience had a positive impact on the outcome of counseling, if people included in it ask questions and interact. This methodological procedure used and present-day Adler's followers with a dual purpose of training and consulting. Moreno worked with homeless people in Vienna. He has worked with street children, displaced persons and prostitutes. Moreno introduced psychodrama in the United States and coined the term â€Å"group therapy† and â€Å"group psychotherapy†. Among those who had a great influence on the group therapy in the U.S., is Samuel R Slavson promoting methods, known as active group therapy. His methods were created in the course of working with socially maladjusted children. In Chicago, Rudolph Dreykurs, working with family groups and children used the Adler’s principles. Carl Rogers and client-centered or phenomenological approach helped to popularize group work. Lack of adequately trained staff and a great need for rehabilitation and maintenance therapy accelerated adaptation Roger’s principles to group work with veterans. Although, the practiconers tried to clarify the content of the terms "leadership" and "group counceling", the controversy on this issue escalated to the limit, as the authors continued to insist that counseling - highly personal process and should be done individually. The professionalism of school counselors, consultants working in public organizations and private practice, increased confidence in the group counceling Recognition of the variability of group counceling also helped the activists of the Movement for the human potential and such professional organization’s advisers, as the American Association of Personnel Management and the American Psychology Association. Each of these large organizationss have ethical codes related to the domain group work names. Gazda, Duncan and Sisson explain the distinctive features of diverse group methods: Guidelines Group and individual groups of human species potential are characterized as predominantly prevention for business purposes, group counceling, T-groups, groups of sensory, group meetings as a part of preventive and remedial causes an increase in the right place; group psychotherapy as therapeutic for other purposes. Range of clients, their psychological and physical health, working environment, the value of the group, length of sessions and duration of the course are also reflected in a special meaning or purpose of each of these three clearly distinct groupings. Corey and Corey proposed treatment, group counceling, adopted in the present-day practice: group counceling which is focuses on the problem of some kind educational, professional, social or personal and often performed in public institutions such as schools, institutions for the mentally sick. Health and various agencies which provide services to the public group counceling are usually different from the group therapy that has to deal with the problems which are conscious and aimed not at a serious change of personality and the resolution of specific current difficulties and are not associated with the treatment of neurotic or psychotic disorders. Yalom examines healing factors (as he calls them), working in group therapy of any type. In these diverse factors, it is easy to see real effects associated with the management teams and group dynamics and psychotherapy. Supply of information. This function covers the consultant carried out didactic instruction, as well as tips, tricks, or direct instruction offered by a consultant or other members of the team for solving the problems of life. Engendering of hope. Proved that the expressed expectations of success and belief in this method, potential members of the group associated with positive sharp group working in groups. Versatility. Participation in the group often helps people to understand that they are not alone in their experiences, their problems, which seem to be unique, are not so rare. This knowledge often brings a sense of relief. Altruism. The group members assist each other in substantial help by offering support and comfort, giving advice and giving insights, sharing with each other similar problems. It is important for group members to realize that they are capable of mutual aid. Corrective recapitulation of primary family group, according to Crothers, Ch. (1996), has similarities with the families of several important respects. Many of the team members have very bad experience in their primary families, and the group provides an opportunity to study and restructure of important family relationships, creating an atmosphere of support. Development of ways of socialization. Although used in different kinds of groups, methods can vary greatly (from the immediate, practical mastering of skills to master them indirectly), social learning takes place in all groups. The development of basic social skills or interpersonal skill the result of group counceling, to achieve which helps feedback between group members. Initiation of behavior. One member of the group often watches the other team member works with a similar problem. Thanks to the replacement therapy observer can include in your repertoire, or try out new patterns of behavior for themselves, proposed or simulated by group leader or other team members. The goal of therapy is to help team members learn more rational philosophy of life, to behave more intelligently and, therefore, to live a fuller life. This kinds of therapy made a furor in the world of psychology and brought a new understanding of the human being. References Scheidlinger, S., Schamess, G. (1992). Fifty Years of AGPA 1942-1992: An Overview. MacKenzie,R. (Ed). Classics in Group Psychotherapy. New York: Guilford Press. Trauma Treatment Initiatives: American Group Psychotherapy Association. New York Times Burns, T. R., Flam H. (1987). The Shaping of Social Organization: Social Rule System Theory with Applications London: Sage Crothers, Ch. (1996). Social Structure, London: Routledge Porpora, D. V. (1989). 'Four Concepts of Social Structure', Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 19 (2), pp. 195–211.

FDA Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

FDA - Assignment Example Generally it can be said that the regulation of food safety, drugs, dietary supplement, veterinary food and medicines, cosmetics etc are all the jobs of FDA.1 The process by which it does make these regulations effective is illustrated in the text that follows: FDA ACTIVITY IN THE PAST TWO YEARS The most recent activities of the FDA prove how practically the organization is working for human health and prosperity. Following is a summary of FDA’s activity over the past two years. Seeking of preventive measures against Food Borne illness. (Press Release on 25 May 2011).2 Food Safety Modernization Act revised and more clauses included in it. (Press Release on 4 May 2011). Anti smuggling strategy and draft guidance and be issued for new dietary ingredients. (Press Release 5 July 2011) On 7th July 2011 The FDA approved the following new drugs: Amlodipine Besylate and Benazepril Hydrochloride  Capsules, Coreg, Duloxetine Hydrochloride  , Felbatol  , Kemadrin, Micardis, Vancomy cin Hydrochloride, Xenazine etc. 3   4 The most noticeable act of FDA in the current year is about sunscreen products. 5 WHAT IS FDA’S APPROVAL PROCESS   The process whereby FDA approves a certain drug or ensures the safety of another is done by the conduction of the following steps: â€Å"Pre-Approval focus on strategy† â€Å"Post-Approval Risk Assessment† â€Å"Turning Risk Assessment into Action† THE WAY FDA PROTECT US. ... The food and drug products for vets are checked for the same. Following are a few details highlight even further how FDA protects us: Ensuring Food Safety FDA ensures that the foods that we get to eat are clean in all aspects, properly labeled, fulfilling and full of nutrition. It also regulates that all the medical products and other biological products intended for human use are free from any impurities or harmful substances. Regulation Of Electronic Product Radiation FDA ensures that the emissions of radiation from electronic appliances that are under human use are very limited. Only the electronic devices emitting radiation at very minute levels and that too, under the safe zone are given the permission to be used by humans.6 Tobacco Products FDA serves to protect the general public from getting into the menace of tobacco usage. It serves to promulgate regulations against tobacco usage and highlights how very harmful they are for human health. It also serves to regulate the promo tion of tobacco related products.7 Keeping Us Informed FDA protects us by keeping us informed with the latest and effective scientific information. The information is about the extents of usage of food products, chemicals and drugs that are not harmful for the human

A Research on Communication Technologies and Their Applications Essay

A Research on Communication Technologies and Their Applications - Essay Example This usage may include meetings, trainings and other organizational activities. Cliftons (2012) rightly argue that videoconferencing â€Å"overcomes the problems inherent in communications between regional business centres as well as enabling [the management] to keep in touch with key people whilst away from their office.† It is a matter of in-depth research to determine the exact nature of this technology, explaining the principle behind its operation and conferencing process. An excellent resource for videoconferencing as is the case for almost all things, people, places, and so forth is, of course, Wikipedia. This website has detailed information on this technology. However, it is widely recognized that the site is unreliable and is not often recommended by academic institutions as a resource. Nonetheless, the website proved an effective starting ground that informed this researcher’s efforts at investigating videoconferencing technology. The information provided in the website offered insights as to what specific aspects of the technology should be examined and documented. The preliminary research enabled the identification of at least two types of videoconferencing platforms. There is the case of the software designed as standalone application used to communicate with others over the Internet using computers, camera and other tools. For example, there is Windows Live, Yahoo Messenger and Skype. These are popular examples of softwares developed for videoconferencing. Users can download these applications for free or for a fee and they can use it to communicate with others through the web. Using Internet connections, videoconferencing software is installed in the personal computer and it could allow users to make video and/or audio calls with others who have installed the same application in their computers. Skype is capable of accommodating up to ten participants in an audio-video conference. The conference takes place real-time. Some of these tools can accommodate two or more participants, hence, successfully achieving the nature of the conferencing concept. The second type of videoconferencing tool includes those designed to work on Internet browsers. These are systems called web applications and are built by web developers and embedded in web sites. Internet users can login to these browser-based video conferencing platforms. These are also called video chat rooms over the Internet. For example, www.videoconference.com is a straightforward website that lets visitors create video chat rooms easily and immediately. A user can create a video conferencing room and can inform those he or she wants to talk to and directs them to the web address where the video conferencing is to take place. During the 1990s, videoconferencing was an expensive affair and that organizations and individuals were averse to spending huge amount on the technology (Webopedia 2012). Today, however, they are sold cheaply and most of them are offered for free. This fact, in addition to its capabilities outlined above, makes videoconferencing a popular and beneficial tool both for personal and business use. Of course, as with the case of other Internet technological applications, it is dependent on the Internet bandwidth, which may be slow in other countries. This could prove problematic in using the technology to communicate with people from such areas. Geostationary Satellites According to the website, www.reformation.org,

Diversity Management at BRIGGS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Diversity Management at BRIGGS - Essay Example This HRM policy will be based on the principles of equality and diversity at the workplace. It should also be noticed that the particular characteristics of the firm’s workforce have to be taken into account when designing and implementing the specific strategy. In accordance with the Public Employment Office of New South Wales Government â€Å"The concept of diversity is based on individual acceptance and respect. It is an understanding that individuals are unique and different. Diversity includes race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, culture, age, physical ability and religious, political and other beliefs† [1]. Moreover, it is made clear that a cultural diversity workplace could lead to the improvement of the firm’s performance or the increase of productivity on a national basis. In this context, it is supported that â€Å"a culturally diverse workplace promotes equity and enhances staff skills and agency success; agencies working with diversity have identified the significant benefits to of having a culturally diverse workplace† [1]. From a different point of view, in accordance with a definition given by the Civil Service (Cabinet Office) in UK, a proper diversity policy should be base d on the following criteria: â€Å"there must be no unfair discrimination on the basis of age, disability, gender, marital status, sexual orientation, religion or belief, race, colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin, or (in Northern Ireland) community background, working pattern, employment status, gender identity (transgender), caring responsibility, trade union membership† [2]. The issue of diversity has been examined by several aspects; however in all definitions given there are common elements and characteristics. For this reason, in a definition of diversity given by the University of Oregon [3] it is noticed that diversity means â€Å"understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual

Color Symbolism in Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

Color Symbolism in Great Gatsby Essay White: related to Jordon and Daisy, usually represents purity, ironically it represents the false purity and corruption of Daisy and Jordon. White is also related to dreams and fantasy, which ties into Gatsby and Nick because to them the girls were like fairies that seemed to float around. Daisy can be related to a white flower with a golden center because as you see in the novel she appears pure on the outside, but is corrupted by the golden money on the inside. Blue: related to Gatsby and his dream, numerous times Gatsby’s party is described as having a romantic blue aura around them. When Gatsby is with Daisy it’s a perfect blend of blue and white that blissfully make the area feel like a dream. Blue seems to represent success in this novel too because when Gatsby starts his new life with Dan Cody the first thing he buys is â€Å"a blue coat†. However, like most good things in this novel, once the party is over or Daisy leaves Gatsby; that’s when the mysterious yellow haze takes over the blue. Red: related to Gatsby and Nick, with Gatsby it symbolizes strongly the ugliness of reality and the masquerade of success. With Nick, it illustrated the dazzling world of the rich and the enchantment of material riches. However as the novel progresses red becomes grotesque and is related to violence and death. Yellow: related to money and wealth. This is the most widely used color in the novel; it’s usually used in conjunction with a demotion of something being gold to just plain yellow. A great example of this is Gatsby’s car, before it kills Myrtle it’s a â€Å"pristine cream colored car† however, after the murder it loses its luster and become a yellow car. Green: related to Daisy and encouragement of Gatsby, beckoned Gatsby to make Nick invite Daisy over so they could meet. However, Gatsby seeking the blue and green hue disregards the yellow that creeps in and ultimately leads to his tragic downfall.

Historical Perspectives of Male Nursing

Historical Perspectives of Male Nursing Rachelle Neighbarger Introduction Predominantly, nursing has always been considered as female dominated profession guided by extreme stereotypical perceptions of sexuality. Generally, the nursing profession is marred by wide apparitions of gender imbalance on the perception that nursing has its foundation in the prospects of Florence Nightingale thereby ever since it is often defined as a marginalized profession most suitable and deserving for women. The public at large has the preset perception that men who settle for nursing as their profession do so simply because they were rejected into a medical school and for self actualization purposes. Many at times those men who settle on nursing as their career choice often do so simply because they failed in a particular field and many at times they usually end up quitting their jobs the first few years. This is simply because men in the nursing industry experience a great deal of discrimination and professional barriers that generally inhibit their full specialty that pus hes them to hold onto such a job for long. However, this stereotypical perception does not help in the push for more number of nurses be it male or female who simply get into the profession for purposes of caring for individuals who are ill or need close medical attention on a round the clock basis. Historical Perspective of Male Nursing In the long run, the stereotypical perceptions lead to male nurses being discriminated against where there full working rights are denied on the basis of socially constricted gender roles. Take for instance, situations in the nursing profession where male nurses cannot be promoted to leadership role on the basis of their gender, with regards to varied forms of nursing training which leads to their exclusion in practicing in fields like gynecology or obstetrics. Perhaps it is simply because of their lack of will to practice in these fields or poor networking or rather the basic underlying problem-gender discrimination. The numbers of men enrolling in nursing educational programs is minimal, a majority of those enrolling are the female counterparts; perhaps this trend is conceptualized by the fact that the nursing profession is perceived with a feminine touch to caring (Paterson Saydack, 1996). This paper thus seeks to examine how the man has adapted to the nursing profession, the his torical background of male nursing, the advantages and disadvantages of practicing as a male nurse, infer on the impact of men turning to nursing as a profession and finally juxtapose all the aforementioned details with a slight touch of personal perception of men in the nursing industry. Underpinned in this paper’s discussion of male nursing is a clear cut inference of discrimination in the nursing profession that is guided by gender-based stereotypical connection. Historical Background In the 20th Century specifically during Florence Nightingale’s time, nursing was considered a woman-only occupation were men were strongly vilified and perceived as being incapable of offering any caring services simply because of they had ‘horny’ hands that were considered unfavorable to care offer thus prompting their exclusion from the profession of nursing (Kippenbrock, 2010). Furthermore, males are considered to lack empathy as opposed to their female counterparts who are considered to have varied ways of expressing their feelings thereby easily getting in touch with their patients more easily. In actual sense, there exists documentation that men played the roles of nurses in Egypt dating back to 250 B.C.E; Nightingale professionalizing nursing is what has created the existing dispersed discrepancy where it is mostly defined as a woman profession while on the other hand being greatly marginalized to men. The existence of a marginalized profession has thus pus hed our education system where a majority of those allowed to enroll into school are female and even if a man gets to successfully finish his nursing education, it is a daunting task for them to practice comfortably in the nursing profession simply because of their gender makes them to be discriminated against. On a broader perspective, even if a man successfully gets to be enrolled into a satisfying nursing profession there still exists numerous prohibitions that inhibit their career progress simply because they are channeled into departments that do not help them grow personally. Take for instance the case of the Canadian Forces or rather the avert United States Army which up until 1967 did not give authority for men to sign up into their systems for nursing. Irrespective of the fact that there was constant development in the nursing profession allowing men to practice, legally by 1970 male nurses were still being barred from making rotations in some sections of hospitals. Analysis of literature related to nursing demonstrates that only a minimal number of men practice nursing, a trend that is fuelled by the larger prospect of women and men nursing registries being separated from each other thus closing out some nursing privileges like further education to the male nurses who have the will power to grow in the profession just like their female counterparts. Patients are also not to be left out in the historical description of the nursing profession as being inclined towards the men; most patients have always considered their nurses to being female, a survey c arried out by Bernard Nodes Group demonstrates that a majority of patients irrespective of their age and gender preferred to be attended to by female nurses as opposed to the males whom they found really awkward offering care services to them. Pros and Con of Men Practicing as Nurses Reflections on the introduction and the historical background of male nursing, it is evident that this is a profession muddled with great gender-related discrimination that is inclined to have a feminist touch. With the aforementioned details in mind and after scouring through various peer reviewed articles on male nursing, it was deductible that the cons outweigh the cons when it comes to men taking the turn of choosing nursing as a preferable profession for them. Important to note above all is the fact that when pushed by personal will to go after something, one is usually self-driven into attaining their set goals irrespective of what the general public thinks of their choice; similarly as a man when one is willing to pursue nursing as a career, nothing stops them. Firstly, the nursing profession though gradually evolving has always been guided by the traditional Victorian family ideology where the role of men is to be ‘doctors’ considered as heads of organizations, t he women taking up a latter role of being the handmaiden which is in most cases defined as the nursing role and finally the patient role is played by children who need to be taken care of by doctors and handmaidens. It thus became a tradition that the role of being a nurse was strictly meant for women which in the long run has pushed men away from enrolling into nursing schools. Irrespective of the fact that this model is no longer practiced in the nursing profession, a great deal of nurses is guided by its tenets as evident by the dominance of women in this profession. The fact that there exists extensive barriers in the way of men enrolling into the nursing profession; men usually exhibit varied difficulties before they turn out as clinical nursing professionals. Society’s perception of nursing as a female profession exerts extreme pressure on men who sign up to be nurses; they are expected to perform way better in comparison to their female counterparts. Another issue that is a disadvantage for males enrolling for nursing from an educational setting to a hospital setting, males is generally outnumbered. To an extent it pushes them to a higher level of scrutiny and the education curriculum is inclined to only suit female students. The fact that they are male also in many circumstances dictates that they be given heavy tasks, in other situations, they could also miss out on educational opportunities like scholarships for nurses which in many circumstances are usually meant for female students. Though it is rarely experienced, male nurses are often ridiculed on the basis of their gender and it is an issue that keeps many from pursuing a nursing career; men are scared of being ridiculed for signing up for a female dominated profession. The general public looks down upon men who are nurses which in the long run push the men nurses to be stigmatized and perform their duties with extreme anxiety and in some cases it becomes stressful for them. On the offset, a flip on the other side of the coin demonstrates that men who turn to nursing as their preferred profession have an upper hand when handling medical cases. Patients prefer being handled by a male nurse as they consider they are confident in handling critical situations in which the female counterparts in some instances cannot be handle comfortably (Thetis Roberts, 2008). Men enrolling in nursing school also demonstrate a drive by men to help curb the nationwide shortage of nurses which with regards to World Health Organization data that suggests there has been a drop in nurses between the year 2000 and 2001 (Burth, 2005). Men filling up the deteriorating gap are ideal way which is not only beneficial to governments but also has great salary packages that a great deal of people are willing and greatly looking forward to earning such paychecks. The misguided notion that nursing is meant for women should not deter any male from pursuing their dream of being professional nurses; it should be a stepping stone towards the path of offering care services to the medically ill and needy so that the basic prospect of nursing is attained and generally achieved in the long run. Provision of intimate care for male patients has always been a problem for female nurses, men enrolling as nurses helps cater for such an issue in the medical industry. Personal Statement on Male Nursing Making the decision of becoming a male nurse comes with a great deal of responsibility and the need to be prepared for varied proponents considering that it is a female dominated field. In actual sense, gender is not in any way beneficial to anybody with regards to turn towards offering medical services to patients. Furthermore, women in a working environment tend to be more open to their male counterparts as opposed to their fellow women thereby creating a conducive environment for working where all and sundry can share their experiences thus establishing a working environment where nurses have a broader sense of belonging. With the extensive strides being made in nursing that is aimed to changing the public’s perception of nursing as a female profession, more and more men are continuously turning to be great nurses though in minimal numbers but the change is eminent. Although the nursing fraternity has opened its arms wide open for men, some aspect of the nursing profession are still hostile to male nurses; take an example of a situation involving a mother-baby rotation, the patient in this case-a woman will not be willing for a male nurse attend she will strongly prefer that all her care needs be handled by a female nurse. That aside, the general population of patients has received male nurses attending to them with a warm heart though in the beginning the reception of being attended to by a male nurse is usually a surprised one but later they get warmed up to the general idea. The most important thing when dealing with discrimination against male nurses is attending to the foundational problem of men not being willing enough to sign up for , finding ways of changing this perception by the men themselves is the first step towards transitioning nursing from a female dominated field to one which is accommodative to people of both sexes. Impact of Male Nursing on the Nursing Profession Men play an instrumental role in service provision in the nursing environment with a unique combination of skill set, a fact that has prompted the need for governments to turn into a rigorous exercise of recruiting and accepting men into the nursing profession which retrospectively caters for the problem of a deteriorating workforce. Men turning to nursing as a profession of choice, is good news for the looming nursing scarcity which has been experienced lately; men joining the equation is the most ideal and probable way by which this shortage can be catered for. Demographics relating to nurse numbers have been changing over the years with the acceptance of more men towards the profession: in the late 20th Century male nurse numbers was estimated at around 45,060 but by spin of over two decades down the line the number of male nurses has gradually developed to levels of 568,185 male nurses in the United States (Barkley, 2010). Great steps are being made by nursing organizations that have pushed for recruitment initiatives mainly targeted towards pushing more men to enroll into nursing schools and now currently scholarships targeted to male students are being offered. Consequently, personal appeals are being made to students in an effort to turn their misperception as a career meant only for women. Important in the whole transitioning process from a female dominated profession to a multifaceted one is the fact that the healthcare industry is offering comparatively high wages for nurses coupled up with the ideal of stable employment opportunities. References Barkley, K. (2010). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration . Retrieved 2015 13-January from The Registered Nurse Population: Initial Findings from the 2008 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses: ,http://bhpr.hrsa.gov/healthworkforce/rnsurveys/rnsurveyinitial2008.pdf. Burth, A. (2005). Gender bias and discrimination in nursing education. Can we change it? Nurse Educator , 64-65. Kippenbrock, S. (2010). School of nursing variables related to male student college choice. Journal of Nursing Education , 118-121. Paterson, T., Saydack, C. (1996). Learning to care: Gender issues for male nursing students. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research , 25-39. Thetis, M. G., Roberts, J. I. (2008). Nursing, Physician Control and Monopoly. Indianapolis: Indiana Univeristy Press.

Competition :: essays research papers

INTRODUCTION: Competition occurs between any organisms living in a mutual habitat. Whether it is for food, water, shelter, or a mate, competition can be harmful or helpful to each organism. There are two basic types of competition; intraspecific and interspecific. These terms refer to competition within a specific species and the competition between different species, respectively. In this lab, we conducted 3 basic experiments. Our goal was to observe the effects of the competition in each instance.The first one was to observe the intraspecific competition between the wheat plant species, the second was for the intraspecific competition between the mustard plant species. The third was the interspecific competition of the wheat and mustard species together. The latter experiment's data was divided into two sub groups of high density and low density, for purposes of graphing Dewitt diagrams. Dewitt diagrams are a way of expressing % yield and total productivity data so it can be evaluated and compar ed effectively. It has been noted that intraspecific competitions tend to be more intense than interspecific ones (Ciara, 1993). This is because members of the same species need the same types and amounts of nutrients. When these similar species are in the same habitat with fixed resources, then they consequently have to "fight " for their needs. This is was basis for our hypothesis. We hypopthesized that the species that were involved with the interspecific competitions would have greater production (by ave. weight of grams) than their counterparts involved in the intraspecific competitions. Furthermore, we hypothesized that as the density of the intraspecific and interspecific competition species increased, then the production of the plants (by ave, weight in grams) would go down. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six weeks previous to the conductance of this lab, Biology 108 section,planted wheat and mustard plants according to table#1 on page 3 of the Principles of Biology 108 Lab Manual . This table depicts all of the total pots and number and type of seeds planted in the pots. It accounts for the experiments of the intraspecific competition and interspecific competition. Replicates of each pot were planted to add precision and more acceptable statistics. Therefore, there were 40 pots, that is, 20 treatments conducted twice(Ciara, 1993). Each Biology 108 section planted these pots and the data from every section was to be combined for an overall data sheet. Our group in section 6 had the role of planting 5 of the experimental pots with the assigned number of wheat seeds or mustard seeds or both.